Context and rationale: Rift Valley Fever is a public health problem. It is a viral disease most commonly seen in domestic animals in sub-Saharan Africa. People can contract Rift Valley Fever through contact with the blood, body fluids or tissues of infected animals or through bites. of infected mosquitoes. The objective of this work is to analyze Rift Valley fever surveillance data in Mauritania from 2011 to 2021.
Method: a retrospective cross-sectional study of epidemiological surveillance data for RVF in humans in Mauritania from 2011 to 2021. We analyzed the data in time, place and person using Epi Info. Proportions, frequencies, and rates were calculated. Results: The results show that, among the 308 suspected cases of RVF, 142 cases or 46.10 % were confirmed by laboratory, the age group of 2040 years was the most represented or 47.18% of cases (67), the median age was 26 years (1 year-91 years). The male sex represented 78.16% of the cases, the sex ratio M/F was equal to 3.6. The Breeder profession was the most affected, i.e. 07.04%, noting that 89 confirmed cases not identified, i.e. 62.67%
The region of Taguent recorded the highest number of confirmed cases (50) or 35.21%, of the 142 confirmed cases of Rift Valley Fever 83 deaths were recorded, a lethality of 58.45%.
Conclusion: This work shows that the haemorrhagic forms of Rift Valley Fever present a significant lethality and the prevention of the disease passes by the reinforcement of the fight against the vectors, the eviction of the contact, the non-consumption of the biological products from diseased animals and vaccination of animals in areas where the disease is endemic.
