Day 2 :
Keynote Forum
Raminder kaur
Panjab University, India
Keynote: Polycystic ovary syndrome: An emerging public health challenges
Time : .
Biography:
Raminder kaur has completed her post-graduation in MS.c (Hons.) Anthropology from Panjab University Chandigarh (India) in year 2016. She is junior research scholar (UGC) in the Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh (India). One research paper is accepted and will be published in January 2018 in Anthropologie, International journal of human diversity and evolution as it is under preparation. Her current Ph.D research work is going on polycystic ovary syndrome.
Abstract:
Polycystic ovary syndrome is one of the common endocrine dysfunction in women of reproductive age and is responsible for heterogeneous and manifold disorders. It is associated with enhanced risk of morbidity in terms of both reproductive and non-reproductive events such as increased possibility of cardio-metabolic, obstetric, oncology and psychological complication throughout the life span. The major determinants for these diseases are obesity, raised glucose level, raised cholesterol, physical inactivity, decreased vegetables and fruit intake and high blood pressure etc. PCOS patients not only shows classic cardiovascular risks such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia, but also non-classic cardiovascular risks factors like mood disorder, depression and anxiety. Overall obesity is common among PCOS women and it further worsens the health status of women. Women suffering from PCOS exhibit higher prevalence of abdominal body fat as compared to their obese non PCOS counterparts. Currently it is unclear whether long term risks are due to PCOS or obesity. Previous literature illustrated that androgen excess may be primary cause of fat deposition particularly visceral fat and leads to insulin insensitivity which is significantly reduced in obese and overweight PCOS women and further promote androgen excess. PCOS being a hidden epidemic across globe and needs awareness in diagnosis and management of the disorder with lifestyle modification like physical activity and diet.
Keynote Forum
Shamaila Hassnain
Fatima Memorial College of Medicine & Dentistry, Pakistan
Keynote: Breast cancer among young girls .A KAP study conducted in Lahore, Pakistan
Biography:
Dr.Shamaila Hassnain has completed her MCPS Community Medicine in 2017 from College of Physicians And Surgeons Pakistan. She is the Senior Lecturer of Community Medicine, teach 4th year MBBS students.She has published 3 papers in reputed national and international journals and working on 5 more projects.
Abstract:
Breast cancer is the second most frequently occurring malignant tumour .It's a progressive disease hence gradually developing into more fatal form from very small lesion. Knowledge and awareness about risk factors, symptoms and screening methods reduces the mortality and morbidity. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Lahore. Data was collected anonymously on self-administrated questionnaire regarding awareness and knowledge about risk factors, presentations of breast cancer and screening practices about breast self-examination (BSE), clinical breast examination (CBE) and mammography.A total of 400 females participated in this study. 34% had heard of BSE, 30% of CBE and 29.5% of the mammography. Only 21.8% had ever performed BSE and 14% had ever received CBE. On enquiring the reasons for not performing BSE 29% did not know how to do it and 14.3% indicated embarrassment as the cause of not performing CBE. Regarding the source of information internet was identified as the most popular one (64.8%) followed by breast cancer campaigns (58.5%). Participants had inadequate knowledge about risk factors and its presentations. There is much lack of information about mammography but participants were aware of the age (35-40years) to start this screening procedure. Our studies revealed lack of awareness and knowledge with regard to breast cancer and it screening methods. There is utmost need to enhance the awareness and encouraging the performance of BSE, CBE and mammography among females from very young age to reduce its incidence.
- Maternal, Infant, and Child Health
Location: Meeting Room 1
Session Introduction
Najia Sajjad Khan
Ayub Medical and Dental College, Pakistan
Title: Association of Maternal Periodontitis with Low Birth Weight in Newborns in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Biography:
Dr Najia Sajjad Khan is a Senior Lecturer of Community Dentistry at Ayub Medical and Dental College, Abbottabad, Pakistan. She has completed her BDS degree from Ayub Dental College, Abbottabad, Pakistan and her M.Phil. in Community Medicine from National University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan. She is Head of Research Department at Ayub Dental College, a Reviewer at Journal of Ayub Medical College and runs the Periodontology ward at Ayub Dental College, Abbottabad.
Abstract:
Low birth weight is a major public health problem in Pakistan. So there is a need for identification of its modifiable risk factors like periodontitis which will reduce its burden on the society. The objectives of the study were to find out the association between maternal periodontitis and low birth weight in new-borns of all gestational ages delivered in a tertiary care hospital of Abbottabad as well as to see the frequency of periodontitis severity in these subjects. A hospital-based matched case-control study was conducted among 160 postpartum mothers in Gynaecology/Obstetrics ward Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad. The 80 cases were mothers of low birth weight babies (<2,500 g), the 80 controls were mothers of normal weight babies (≥2,500 g) matched with maternal age and gestational age. Data was collected through the hospital records, interview and a periodontal examination. Periodontitis was more in the cases than in the controls (OR: 4.167, 95% CI: 2.142–8.109, p=0.000). On multivariate logistic regression, periodontitis was found to be a significant independent risk factor for low birth weight (aOR: 3.173, 95% CI: 1.429–7.047, p=0.005). Other significant risk factors were educational level (aOR: 3.408, 95% CI: 1.452–7.996, p=0.005), socioeconomic status (aOR: 3.173, 95% CI: 1.366-7.368, p=0.007), maternal nutrition (aOR: 3.071, 95% CI: 1.392-6.778, p=0.005) and moderate/severe anaemia (aOR: 3.035, 95% CI: 1.052–8.756, p=0.040). Periodontitis was found to be a strong, independent, and clinically significant risk factor for low birth weight. So periodontal therapy should form a part of the antenatal care of the pregnant women in Abbottabad.
- Epidemiology and Public Health
Location: Meeting Room 1
Session Introduction
Zainab Dawood
Public Health Consultant, Pakistan
Title: Assessing Neo-natal mortality trends in Pakistan: An insight using Equity Lens
Biography:
Dr. Zainab Dawood is a Public Health Consultant who is currently enrolled in PhD Public Health Program in Pakistan. Her background in Public Heath includes a medical Degree, Master of Science in Public Health and MCPS in Health care systems management. She has a good experience in working with the public sector as well as donor funded programs and have special interest in Health Systems. Her experience in Public health ranges from community based health communication projects to maternal and child healthcare and nutrition. As a consultant she has developed training manuals and conducted trainings on Essential Package of Health Services (EPHS) for primary healthcare, developed Minimum service delivery standards for essential package of health services for primary health care for the government of Pakistan. She has been involved in several surveys regarding water, sanitation, child health, nutrition, adolescents’ behavior toward sexual and reproductive health. Her area of expertise ranges from management, policy and planning including research, training and capacity building.
Abstract:
Statement of the Problem: Of the estimated 130 million infants born each year worldwide, 4 million die in the first 28 days of life. Two-thirds of the world's neonatal deaths occur in just 10 countries, mostly in Asia. Pakistan is number three among these countries. With an estimated 298,000 neonatal deaths annually and a reported neonatal mortality rate of 49 per 1000 live births, Pakistan accounts for 7% of global neonatal deaths. Inequities exist in access to and utilization of many preventative and curative health services, and are particularly exacerbated between the richest and poorest, and across geographical regions in Pakistan. Despite various initiatives taken to improve maternal health indicators, the progress has been slow with wide disparities based on income level, class and social status. Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: The study was done using raw data from the last two Pakistan Demographic & Health Surveys (2012-13 and 2006-7). Inequities were observed in neonatal mortalities in different wealth quintiles by geography (Provinces) and type of residence (Rural/Urban population). Inequities are represented by concentration curves which plots the cumulative proportion of the individuals under consideration ranked by wealth against the cumulative proportion of the health/healthcare variable (e.g. antenatal care visits, skilled birth attendant etc.) being measured. Findings: When we compare the concentration index for neo-natal deaths by wealth quintile for Pakistan, there was an overall decrease, reflecting an improvement in terms of equity as the gap between the number of deaths among the richest and poorest quintiles narrowed down. PDHS for Pakistan shows that the gap between the richest and poor wealth quintiles has reduced; although the overall neonatal mortality has increased from 55 to 58 live births nationally. This could be an alarming indicator for quality of services being provided even in the urban areas.